http://www.persiangulfstudies.com persiangulfstudies.com fa http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=74Political-security arrangements in the Persian Gulf based on “balance of power” are incapable of maintaining security and stability in the region, especially since the downfall of the Baathist regime in Iraq. The balance-of-power setting is based on a zero-sum (win-lose) game, as well as the rise of the “relative power” of rival actors. Such a system generates tension, distrust, crises and wars. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=73A few days ago, when the Iranian Navy was practicing the closure of the Strait of Hormuz through the last phase of its war game, USA Today wrote: “Iran has been steadily increasing its capability to fight ‘asymmetric warfare’”. One of the characteristics of asymmetric warfare is its unpredictability http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=72Last week, Seumas Milne opined in an analysis in the Guardian that "for months the evidence has been growing that a U.S.-Israeli stealth war against Iran has already begun, backed by Britain and France". He believed that the cases such as crippling sanctions, covert support for Iranian armed opposition groups (PJAK), assassination of Iranian scientists, cyber warfare, and so on are witness to this claim. On December 13, a renowned Iranian columnist argued in Kayhan Daily that Iran should get ready for selective blocking of the Strait of Hormuz. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=71"Today, closing the Strait of Hormuz for Iran's armed forces is really easy, or as the Iranians say - it will be easier than drinking a glass of water." The deputy commander of the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps, Brigadier General Hossein Salami, said on Thursday that the United States is in no position to prevent Iran from closing the Strait of Hormuz if Tehran deems it necessary. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=70Following Amano the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) political fabricated report was an attempt for encouraging and irritating the world for attacking Iran. The Invaders Zionists (Israel) having more than 300 illegal dangerous chemical nuclear weapons, while they (Zionists Israel & U.S.) because of their dark political purposes accuse Iran for making new clear weapons and they want to stop Iran peaceful nuclear energy studies by their savage war attacks http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=69In recent years the pre-exiting challenge in US-Iranian relations has become vaster due to Iran’s developing nuclear activities. The US considers an international hegemonic right to itself, therefore, keeps the authority of manipulating all of other countries in the world. In the manifest international politics, all countries have nuclear rights but, experience suggests that in hidden policies, the US has taken a different strategy http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=68Perhaps no other regional country is as concerned about NATO’s missile shield in Turkey than Iran because this is a special issue for Tehran. The defense (or offense) plan is being executed by the West and the United States as the archenemy of Iran, on the one hand. On the other hand, the Islamic Republic of Iran has been named as the main goal of the plan and has been singled out as the main source of missile threat against Europe. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=67Iran's Armed Forces Chief of Staff Major General Hassan Firouzabadi on Monday underlined Tehran's strong opposition to the deployment and presence of alien forces and warships in the Persian Gulf, saying such moves are "unacceptable" to Iran. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=66Iran and Saudi Arabia have been regular rivals throughout their history and the general course of that rivalry has been usually set by the regional balance of power. That situation has clearly changed after 1980 and the signs of that change are evident in the political literature used by Saudi officials on Iran http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=65The Islamic Republic of Iran, Turkey and Egypt constitute three major sides of the Middle East each encompassing vast areas of land with populations of over 70 million. Suitable cooperation among these countries will greatly help their own development and that of the whole Middle East in view of their rich civilizational and cultural backdrops and their central role in modernization of the region http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=63 “Any decision about making major changes in the shape of the south coasts (of the Persian Gulf) in order to achieve political, economic and security objectives can have negative repercussions on the ecosystem and political and economic issues,” Safavi said in his lecture at the Fourth National Conference of Geopolitics held in Tarbiat Modarres University in Tehran on Monday. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=62Prof. Mojtahedzadeh has published scores of articles regarding the historicity and veracity of Persian Gulf name and the legality of Iran's ownership over the three Persian Gulf islands of Lesser Tunb, Greater Tunb and Abu Musa. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=61• What are the sources of threats perceived to endanger the security and stability of the Persian Gulf in the new strategic environment, particularly in the post-Saddam period? • What is the optimum policy alternative in order to preserve peace and stability in this strategic region http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=60Because of its special geo-strategic position in the Middle East, Iran has always been keen to assume a pivotal role in the region. However, as opposed to the old regime, the present one, while pursuing the same vision, is facing unbearable challenges in its strategy http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=59The Persian Gulf is a 600-mile-long body of water, which separates Iran from the Arabian Peninsula, and one of the most strategic waterways in the world due to its importance in world oil transportation. At its narrowest point (the Strait of Hormuz), the Gulf narrows to only 34 miles wide. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=58The downfall of Saddam Hussein has had many implications for the region—not least the ubiquitous retreat of Arab nationalism. This even extends to the cosmopolitan and successful country that is the United Arab Emirates. Territorial disputes amongst the states that straddle the Persian Gulf have been a perennial feature of the region’s geo-political landscape ever since the retreat of British colonialism from the Middle East. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=57The Persians made themselves important in world history with the establishment of the Achaemenid Empire in the sixth century B.C.E. Their rise and center of power was from the province of Fars (Pars/ Persis) in the southwestern region of the Iranian plateau. Consequently in the Greek sources, the body of water that bordered this province came to be known as the Persian Gulf http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=56Though the main thrust of this seminar is the study of the cartography of the Persian Gulf aimed at the production of an atlas of the cartography of the Persian Gulf in 16 to 18 centuries, I think the evolutionary process of the study requires an introduction to the emergence of image making of the Persian Gulf in mapping of the earth’s su rface from the earliest times to the age of modernity http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=55Persian Gulf security is for all or for none, said Deputy Commander of the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) for Political Affairs, Brigadier General Yadollah Javani, here on Sunday http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=54The word "darya" (sea) appears in the Avesta as "zarayangeh" and it refers to a body of water that is called in the Avesta as "Va'ooru-kash". This word consists of two parts: the first part is "va'ooru", meaning "full and many", while the last part is "kash", meaning "border and shore". Thus, the word in full means "many-shored". In Pahlavi literature, this word is transformed into "Faraakh-o kart". The first segment, "faraakh", is the same as in Persian, meaning "vast". The ending is �kart" or "kash" or "kasheh". This combination also means "many-shored" and "vast-bordered" and in Persian, it has changed into "Farakh-kard"! http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=53The Persian Gulf and the adjacent regions of the Makran Sea (today known as sea of Oman) and Indian Ocean is an area of the world with a seafaring tradition of over 5,000 years in age, yet which has gone essentially unexplored beneath the waves. In fact, the South and Southwest Asian regions, and the Persian Gulf area in particular, have perhaps the richest and longest running seafaring tradition of any world region. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=52The Persian Gulf is a crescent-shape groove which has demonstrated the encroachment of the Indian Ocean waters (Makrân Sea, also known as Gulf of Oman) in an span of 900 km long and 240 km wide in the inferior folds of southern Zagros mountains. The Persian Gulf and its neighboring countries constitute almost one ninth of the 44 million square km span of the Asian continent (1). The Persian Gulf has been a valuable waterway since the beginning of history and as the venue of the collision of great civilizations of the ancient East, it has a background of several millenniums http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=51This article is substantially based on a book by by Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh, Nam-e Khalij-e Fars dar Derazay-e Tarikh (The Name of the Persian Gulf throughout the History), Sayeroshan Publication, Tehran, December 2004. The original version of the book was Joghraphyay-e Tarikhiy-e Khalij-e Fars (Historical Geography of the Persian Gulf), Tehran University Publication, Series No. 1492, Tehran 1975. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=50According to the writings of the ancient Greek, including Herodotus, and to the allusions made in the Aristotle's book on politics, ancient Iranians were the first great navigators of the world. They not only discovered and marked the sea routes from estuary of Sind river up to the Persian Gulf, but, as is testified by the Greeks' writings, the first person who embarked on an exploratory voyage round Africa, was an Iranian navigator by the name of Sataspes. In this article, reference is made to the existing documents and evidence regarding pioneering role of Iranians in navigation and to the rejection of Westerners' role according to which this enterprise is attributed to Alexander. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=49The historical name of the Persian Gulf is a familiar name for all the countries in the world, particularly the countries of Middle East. Commenting on the issue, Egyptian Dr. Mostafa Alfaqi said: "In the decade of the 1950s, the cabinet of Iran's then prime minister Dr. Mohammad Mosaddeq was overthrown and his foreign minister Dr Hossein Fatemi was killed. The Shah, with his tense relations with Iraq on the Arvand-Roud (Shatt-ul-Arab) assumed the role of the region's gendarme in opposition to the government of Jamal Abdel Nasser http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=48Today (01-Dec-2009) the Daily Telegraph has published an article on its website changing the name of Persian Gulf in favor of Arab plot against our country Please see http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=47 Historical and unique name of The Persian Gulf and its equivalents in different languages has been continuously in used since 3000 years ago in all languages, cultures, and all civilizations throughout the centuries and across the world. More than 2000 ancient literatures, books and maps belong to the past three millenniums, which contain this historical and heritage name are proof to the Persian Gulf as the right nomenclature http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=46The historical name of the Persian Gulf is a familiar name for all the countries in the world, particularly the countries of Middle East. Commenting on the issue, Egyptian Dr. Mostafa Alfaqi said http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=45Few Iranians (or westerners) have heard of Pan-Arab nationalists such as Satia Al-Husri, Sami Shawkat, Michel Aflaq or Khairallah Tulfah. Their version of Arab nationalism is as anti-Western as it is anti-Persian. The philosophies of these men have done much to inspire generations of Arab leaders such as Gamal Abdel Nasser, who passionately advocated the changing of the Persian Gulf to "Arab G/u/l/f", or Saddam Hussein, who defined his Arabism by the extent of his brutality against Iranians (Kurds, Persians, Azeris , Turkmens , armenis , tajiks baluchs, etc.). http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=44The British Government's announcement in January 1968 of its decision of terminating Pax-Britannica in the Persian Gulf caused a sense of urgency for closer cooperation among regional states. Settlement of territorial and boundary differences thus, became a necessity, especially in the offshore areas where exploitation of new oilfields was expanding rapidly. http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=43Clearly the EU-GCC resolution of 19 May 2004 was the main source of encouragement for Abu Dhabi to commit the armed assault on the Iranian boat in the territorial waters of Abu Musa on Thursday June 3rd 2004, in spite of the fact that Abu Musa's territorial waters are under joint Iranian-Sharjah Sovereignty. The UAE assault was an aggressive act designed to trigger a chain reaction that would overthrow regional peace and stability that was achieved through years of Arab-Iranian hard work and cooperation http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=42The Iranian plateau was settled about 1500 BC by Aryan tribes, the most important of which were the Medes, who occupied the northwestern portion, and the Persians, who emigrated from Parsua, a land west of Lake Urmia, into the southern region of the plateau, which they named Parsamash or Parsumash http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=41The history of Iran goes back some three thousand years. Iran formerly known as Persia is regarded as one of the cradles of civilisation. Over the last three thousand years it has been ruled by various dynasties http://persiangulfstudies.com/fa/index.asp?P=NEWS2&Nu=40The Persian Gulf is a geographical name rooted in ancient history, a leading archeologist said. The statement was made at a recent two-day international workshop on ’The Persian Gulf in Prehistory and History’ held at Durham University in northern England